Electric heating element



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Patented Apr. 22, 1924.

UNITED STATI-:s

APATENT omer..

To all wlwm it may concern.'

Be it known that I, Josera P. Bum, a citizen of the United States, residing at Cleveland, in the county of Cuyahoga and e State of Ohio, have invented certain new and useful Improvements 1n Electric Heating Elements, of which the following is a specification.

The invention relates to heating elements 10 for discharging heated air in a orizontal direction, as distinguished from the natural radiation or risin of heated air from the heater; and the o ject of the improvement is to induce a flow of heated air in any direcl5 tion from the heater by a stronger current than can be created by the radiation or rising` of heated air therefrom.

he present improvement involves the use of one or more tubularr cores, referably 20 made of refractory material, and coated in the direction of the axis or plane alon which a current of heated air is to be induce or driven; and the use of resistance coils around the tubular cores so arran and 2e spaced as to heat the rear ends' of e tubes to a greater intensity than the forward ends thereof, thereby setting up a streitig current of air through the tubes from e cooler forward ends thereof and discharging the a0 same from the hotter rear ends thereof.

A practical embodiment of the invention is illustrated in the accompanying drawings forming a part hereof in which- Figure 1 is a plan view of a heating elee ment longitudinally located in a case or ilue;

Fig. 45?., a lon 'tudinal elevation section of the same on ine 22, Fig. 1; and

Fig. 3, a cross section of the same on line 3-3, Figs. 1 and 2.

Similar numerals refer to similar parts throughout the drawings.

The heating element may include one or more tubular cores 4, referably made of refractory material, w ich may be longitudinally located in a flue 5 havingan inlet olpening 6 at one end, referred to erein as t e forward end, and a discharge opening 7 in the other end, referred to herein as the rear end.

Resistance coils 8, preferably arranged in multiple, are wound around the respective 'tubular cores, beginning at a substantial distance from the forward ends of the tubes, and having the coils and windings clor together at their rear ends than the forward .winding of the re ends thereof so that the refactory cores will be very much more intensely heated at their forward ends than at their rear ends.

The resistance coils ma communicate with an ordinary electric ight circuit by C means of conductor wires 9 and 9' having terminal pins 10 and 10 protrudin outside the end of the case or flue, and pted to be engaged by a suitablel terminal socket or other means connected with the electric l circuit.

When using resistance coils arranged to consume about one thousand watts r hour, the best results have been secur by the use of tubes about eighteen inches long with 70 openings about five-eighths of an inch in di-y ameter, with the windings as described; but it will be understood that these pro ortions may be varied to suit different conitions in the current and a di'erent num- 7l ber and arrangement of tubes.

In operation, the resistance coils heat the surrounding air and the adjacent walls of the flue in the usual manner, and also highly heat the tubular cores to a greater intensity l0 at the forward ends than at the rearward ends, thereby includin a flow of air throu h the tubes into the coo er rear ends and dlscharging the same from the hotter forward ends thereof.

Thehot air discharged from the vforward ends of the tubes sets up a flow of the air which has been heated around the tubes, and carries it, together with the air discharged from the tubes, forward through a0 the flue, and thereby creates and maintains a constant ilow of hot air horizontally from the heater.

It will be understood that when more than one tubular core is used in a heating Il element, it is not necessary to arrange them parallel with each other, as shown in the drawings; for obviously they can be converged or diverged for concentrating or diffusing the flow -of hot air therefrom. It loo is also obvious that the tubular cores need not be of the same diameter throughout their length, and that the differential heating action can be accomplished by a variation in the coils or by a variation in the lol sistance wire.

I claim:

1. An electric heating element including one or more tubular cores open at each end, and a resistance coil wound around each no core to heet one end more intensely than the other` end thereof for inducing a. flow of heated air through the core.

2. An electric heating element including one or more tubular cores open at each en and a resistance wire wound around each core with the windings cover d toward one end thereof for inducing u ow: of heated nir through the core.

3. An electric heating element includn lo one or more tubular cores open at each en and a. resistance coil wound around elch core with the coils formed closer to exch other at one end than at the other end of the winding for inducing a flow of hosted ll air through the coro.

JOSEPH P. BURGER. 

